Pace Work 7-D 25/03
Тема: Друге Велике Пробудження. Економічний ріст
Америки.
1. Reading
Pre-reading task
Here you can see some new words:
- The Second Great
Awakening – a
Protestant revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States
-
Protestant – an adherent of Protestantism
-
a revival – the act or an instance of reviving
or the state of being revived
-
a congregation – a group of persons gathered for
worship, prayer, etc., esp in a church or chapel
-
a denomination – a group having a distinctive
interpretation of a religious faith and usually its own organization
-
millennial – a period or cycle of one thousand
years
-
skepticism – a doubting or questioning attitude
or state of mind; dubiety
-
deism – belief in the existence of God based solely on
natural reason, without reference to revelation
-
rationalism - reliance on reason rather than
intuition to justify one's beliefs or actions
Reading
The Second Great Awakening in America
The Second Great Awakening was a
Protestant revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States.
The movement began around 1790, gained momentum by 1800, and after 1820
membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations whose
preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the late 1840s. It has been
described as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism, although
why those forces became pressing enough at the time to spark revivals is not
fully understood.
It enrolled millions of new members
in existing evangelical denominations and led to the formation of new
denominations. Many converts believed that the Awakening heralded a new
millennial age. The Second Great Awakening stimulated the establishment of many
reform movements designed to remedy the evils of society before the anticipated
Second Coming of Jesus Christ.
People at the time talked about the
Awakening; historians named the Second Great Awakening in the context of the
First Great Awakening of the 1730s and '40s and of the Third Great Awakening of
the late 1850s to early 1900s. These revivals were part of a much larger
movements that were sweeping across Europe at the time, mainly throughout
England, Scotland, and Germany.
During the first half of the 1800's, the interests of
the North and the South differed greatly. The North manufactured many of their
own goods. The manufactured goods of the North were in great demand throughout
the country. The South, however, was an agricultural area. An agricultural area
is one in which crops or farm animals are raised.
The North had numbers of large, busy cities filled
with manufacturing plants. The South, however, had few cities. Most of the
people of the South had agricultural interests. Some Southerners
owned small farms, while others had large plantations.
The North and South differed most over the
owning of slaves. Many people of the South owned slaves, and most people of the
North did not. Certainly not every family in the South owned slaves. Less than
ten out of every hundred men in the South were slaveholders. Five of every ten
slaveholders owned less than five slaves. However, a few slaveowners had as
many as 500 slaves. Although men who owned slaves were responsible to provide
food, clothing, housing, and care for the slaves when they were sick, many men
felt that owning slaves were wrong.
Men of the North and South differed in
their opinions about which new states should come into the United States of
America. The North believed no new slaveholding states should be allowed to
join the Union. The South believed new states should have the right
to decide for themselves on the issue of slavery.
The South prospered from slavery because
the South's warm weather allowed for many months of outdoor work each year.
Southerners depended upon agriculture to make a living, and slaves were good
workers on the farms.
In the North, slaves were not as valuable.
It cost more in the North to feed and clothe a slave. Slaves did not do as well
in manufacturing jobs as they did on farm jobs. Slavery died out in the North
because slaves were not needed.
While – reading task
Underline
the main features of the Second Great Awakening in America
Post – reading task
2.Writing
Complete the sentences.
1. The
Second Great Awakening was a Protestant revival movement during ……….. in the
United States.
2. The
Second Great Awakening stimulated the establishment of …………………. .
3. During
the first half of the 1800’s ………………….. manufactured many of their own goods and
………………was an agricultural area.
4. The
North had large ………………..; many people of the South owned …………….. .
5. Every
man who owned slaves was ………………. to provide food, clothing, housing and care
when the slaves were sick.
6. …………….
Believed no new slave-holding states should join the Union; ……………….. believed new states should decide
for themselves about slavery.
So, thank
you for your hard work!
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